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OSA 2x macular degeneration
According to him, "one theory is that the intermittent nighttime hypoxia caused by OSA leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, which can damage the retina and contribute to AMD. There's also evidence that OSA is linked to thinner choroids -- similar to what we see in AMD -- which might reduce blood flow to the outer retina."
Acetazolamide for OSA and Central Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed
Overall, acetazolamide vs control lowered the AHI by -0.7 effect sizes (95% CI, -0.83 to -0.58; I2 = 0%; moderate QoE) that corresponded to a reduction of 37.7% (95% CI, -44.7 to -31.3) or 13.8/h (95% CI, -16.3 to -11.4; AHIControl = 36.5/h). The AHI reduction was similar in OSA vs CSA, but significantly greater with higher doses (at least up to 500 mg/d). Furthermore, acetazolamide improved oxygen saturation nadir by +4.4% (95% CI, 2.3 to 6.5; I2 = 63%; no evidence of effect modification; very low QoE) and several secondary outcomes that included sleep quality measures and BP (mostly low QoE).
Acute and long-term effects of acetazolamide in presumed high loop gain sleep apnea - ScienceDirect
Acetazolamide (AZT) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor [25]. For OSA patients traveling to high-altitude, AZT improves oxygenation and periodic breathing [26,27]. In OSA patients at sea level, AZT reduces loop gain especially in patients with heart failure and chronic opioids use [[28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34]]. A meta-analysis showed that AZT improves central but not obstructive sleep apnea at sea-level [35].
Why Top Olympic Athletes Use Baking Soda to Boost Performance
There are also lingering questions about optimal dosage (the study used 0.3 grams per kilogram of body weight) and timing (which was individualized based on blood tests to determine the peak response time, with a typical delay of roughly two hours between ingestion and time trial).
Why Top Olympic Athletes Use Baking Soda to Boost Performance
The 14 cyclists in the study did three 40-kilometer time trials: one for practice, one with Maurten baking soda, and one with a placebo that was designed to look and taste like Maurten but didn’t contain any baking soda. The data shows that, as expected, blood pH was increased in the baking soda condition (meaning it became less acidic). Most of the other variables were unchanged: heart rate was the same, perceived effort was the same, the pacing pattern was the same. But they could tolerate higher levels of lactate throughout the test—and, most importantly, they were faster.
What is ASV? Treating Complex and Central Sleep Apnea
In one way, ASV is similar to CPAP therapy that is used in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, but there are significant differences.
ASV's pressure target is adjusted according to input from the patient. What that means is that the target is not a fixed value, but rather adapts to the patient's breathing patterns. Because the device continuously adjusts itself to meet the patient's needs, the discomfort often reported by PAP patients is avoided altogether since the machine's pressure changes are subtle in a way that makes the patient feel comfortable.
CES 2020: The Withings ScanWatch Says It Can Detect Sleep Apnea
Getting FDA clearance is big—it certainly lent credibility to the Series 4's ability to read ECGs. But it’s also a gamble. Unless you’re Apple, getting the FDA to clear a product can take months—which is exactly what happened to the Withings Move ECG last year. Despite being announced in January 2019, the watch got stuck in regulation hell. It finally became available in Europe in September, and as of this writing, it’s still not available in the U.S. While it’s admirable that Withings is sticking to its guns with the ScanWatch, there’s a real chance we won’t see it for months. Maybe even years.
Influence of Cerebral Blood Flow on Central Sleep Apnea at High Altitude | Sleep | Oxford Academic
Carbon dioxide (CO2) therapy has been shown to reduce the severity of CSA when administered constantly in a normal volunteer model6 and more potently in a mathematical model when administered dynamically.7 However, neither approach has been adopted into clinical practice. The pathogenesis of CSA remains incompletely understood, thus a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms/ pathogenesis of CSA may provide improved treatment options.
Cannabinoid May Be First Drug for Sleep Apnea
"Based on a series of animal investigations, we proposed that drugs which dampen afferent vagal feedback to the medulla may be effective in stabilizing respiratory pattern generation and increasing activation of upper airway dilating muscles during sleep," the authors note.
Dr Zee added that larger studies will be necessary to shed more light on dronabinol's specific clinical applications in sleep apnea.
"Due to the phase 2 study, it would be premature to comment on how the compound will be used in clinical settings. Larger studies that can be generalized to the obstructive sleep apnea population are needed. It could conceivably be used in patients who fail CPAP, [and] other approved therapies, such as oral appliances or as adjunctive therapy," she said.
Cannabinoid May Be First Drug for Sleep Apnea
The primary endpoint was change from baseline in AHI after 6 weeks of treatment. The study showed significant improvements in the 2.5-mg group, with a reduction of 10.5 events per hour (P = .02), and in the 10-mg group, with a reduction of 12.9 events per hour (P = .004), in rapid eye movement (REM) as well as non-REM sleep, after adjustment for factors including age, race, ethnicity, and baseline AHI.
No significant changes were observed in the placebo group after adjustment, and the differences in improvement between the 2.5- and 10-mg groups were not statistically significant.
Central Sleep Apnea – Sleep Apnea
CSA frequently occurs among people who are seriously ill from other causes: chronic heart failure; diseases of and injuries to the brainstem, the upper terminus of the spine, which controls breathing; Parkinson’s disease; stroke; kidney failure; even severe arthritis with degenerative changes to the cervical spine and base of the skull. It is seen among users of opiates. And there is idiopathic CSA, which simply means the cause is unknown. “For idiopathic apnea, the outlook is generally favorable,” notes Medline Plus, an online information service of the National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health.
The Association of Testosterone Levels with Overall Sleep Quality, Sleep Architecture, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Thus, it remains unclear whether restoration to young adult testosterone levels is protective or harmful to sleep patterns in elderly men. No large population-based studies have reported the association of endogenous testosterone levels with objectively measured sleep parameters in older community-dwelling men or examined whether any observed associations are independent of age, body mass index (BMI), and other potential covariates. We report here the independent association of baseline endogenous total and bioavailable testosterone levels in 1312 relatively healthy community-dwelling older men who had overnight sleep duration, sleep architecture, and sleep-disordered breathing measured objectively an average of 3.4 yr later.
