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Acetazolamide: Old drug, new evidence? - PMC
Epilepsy is associated with increased brain inflammatory cytokines, and seizures induce these increases. These, in turn, activate nuclear transcription of NF‐kB, complement and chemokines, which result in inflammation in the brain. Brain inflammation is proconvulsive, and some purport that antiepileptic drugs may have a role as an anti‐inflammatory effect. During neuronal injury, ASICs are activated, and these activate inflammasomes leading to neuronal injury and blockage of ASICs will reduce this injury. 41 Acetazolamide decreases the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL‐6, TNF alpha and IL‐1beta in rat models of epilepsy. Acetazolamide also reduces inflammation by reducing cytokine expression, further contributing to its antiepileptic effect. 41 , 42